Inyigisho yo Guhitamo Valve ya Pneumatic Actuator kuri Sisitemu

Mu nganda nyinshi hirya no hino muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, valve ikoresha umwuka ikomeza kuba imwe mu ngaruka zizewe cyane mu kugenzura amazi mu buryo bwikora. Gusubiza vuba, kubaka neza imashini, hamwe n'umutekano uri mu bidukikije biteje akaga bituma valve n'ibikoresho bikoresha umwuka biba amahitamo meza ku bashushanya sisitemu, amatsinda yo kubungabunga, n'inzobere mu gutanga amasoko.

Iyi nyandiko itanga incamake irambuye kandi ishingiye ku buhanga kuuburyo valves z'umwuka zikora, ni iki gitandukanya ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibikoresho bikoresha ingufu, n'ibipimo ngenderwaho byo guhitamo ingenzi cyane mu mikoreshereze nyayo.

Gusobanukirwa Valves z'Ingufu z'Impemu

Ibisobanuro n'imikorere

A Valve y'amashanyarazi ya Pneumaticihuza umubiri wa valve n'icyuma gikoresha umwuka gifungura, gifunga, cyangwa kigahindura imigendekere y'amazi. Bitandukanye n'ibikoresho bikoresha amashanyarazi, sisitemu z'umwuka zikora vuba, zihanganira ikirere kibi, kandi zigakora mu mutekano mu kirere gishya.

Inganda nko gutunganya imiti, ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa, imyanda n'impapuro, gutunganya amazi, no gutanga ingufu zishingiye cyane ku kugenzura umwuka kuko izi sisitemu:

• Ntukore ikintu gitanga umuriro
• Gutanga imikorere yihuse n'ubuzima bwizewe bw'uruziga
• Biroroshye kubungabunga kandi bihendutse mu gihe kirekire cyo kubikoresha
• Gushyigikira ibikorwa "bitagira ingaruka mbi" mu gihe cy'ibura ry'amashanyarazi cyangwa ikirere

Izi nyungu zisobanura impamvu valve zo kugenzura umwuka zikomeje kuba igipimo ngenderwaho mu buryo bwikora bw’inganda zo muri Amerika.

Uburyo Valves za Pneumatic Actuator zikora

Uburyo busanzwe bwo guteranya valve ya actuator y'umwuka burimo:

• Valve (umupira, ikinyugunyugu, umubumbe, irembo, diaphragm, nibindi)
• A icyuma gitera umwuka
• Ihitamo ry'uburyo bwo kugenzura neza
• Vali za Solenoid zo guhinduranya icyerekezo
• Ibice bitunganya umwuka n'amabwiriza
• Guhindura cyangwa gupima ibitekerezo

Urukurikirane rw'ibanze rw'imikorere

1. Sisitemu yo kugenzura (PLC/DCS) yohereza ikimenyetso—4–20 mA, HART, cyangwa pneumatic.
2. Icyo gikoresho gihindura icyo kimenyetso mo umuvuduko w'umwuka ukwiye.
3. Umuvuduko w'umwuka ujyana piston cyangwa diaphragm.
4. Actuator yimurira iyi ngendo ku gice cy'inyuma cyangwa ku gice cy'inyuma cy'ingufu.
5. Valve irahinduka hakurikijwe aho ikenewe.

Ku bijyanye na serivisi yo guhindura umwuka, imikorere ya positioner ni ingenzi kimwe n'igikoresho ubwacyo. Ku bijyanye no gukoresha torque no kuyihagarika, torque ingana n'ubwirinzi bw'imashini ni byo by'ingenzi cyane.

Ubwoko bw'ibikoresho bikoresha ibyuma bitanga amashanyarazi mu buryo bwa Pneumatic Valve

Ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gukoresha valve y'umwuka

Abakora ku buryo bwo kugarura amashanyarazi mu mpeshyi (bakora rimwe gusa)

Isoko rituma valve igera aho yangiritse mbere y’uko ikora (ifunguye cyangwa ifunze) iyo umwuka utakaye. Izi actuators zikwiriye ibikorwa by'ingenzi mu mutekano nko gucunga ibyuma bishyushya, uburyo bwo gukonjesha, uburyo bwo gusiga lisansi, cyangwaVali za ESD.

Impamvu zikoreshwa:

• Icyerekezo cyagenwe cyo kwirinda kwangirika
• Ikoreshwa ry'umwuka rigabanuka
• Ni byiza cyane mu bijyanye no guhagarika porogaramu

Ibikoresho Bikora Kabiri

Umuvuduko w'umwuka utuma habaho gufunga no gufungura, bigatuma habaho imbaraga zihoraho mu gihe cyose cy'uruziga.

Ibyiza kuri:

• Ibikorwa by'ingendo nyinshi
• Valves nini
• Ibisabwa mu gukora vuba
• Guhindura inshingano

Ibikoresho by'umwuka bizenguruka

Ikoreshwa hamwe n'udupira tw'umupira, udupira tw'ibinyugunyugu, n'ibindi bikoresho by'impinduka.

Uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi:

• Igisenge n'uruti rw'umugozi: bito kandi bihendutse
• Scotch yoke: itanga imbaraga nyinshi zo kuruhuka no gucunga neza ikoreshwa ry'ibintu bikomeye

Ibikoresho by'umwuka biri ku murongo

Byagenewe vali zo mu bwoko bwa globe, vali zo mu bwoko bwa diaphragm, n'izindi vali zo mu bwoko bwa linear-stroke.

Ubwoko burimo:

• Ibikoresho bikoresha diaphragm: kugenzura neza, umuvuduko muke
• Ibikoresho bya piston: ingendo ndende, imbaraga nyinshi

Ibikoresho byihariye byo mu mwuka

Porogaramu zimwe na zimwe zisaba ibikoresho byihariye:

Ibikoresho bikoresha amashanyarazi menshi

Yubatswe kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu bikorwa birenga ibihumbi amagana—cyangwa ndetse na za miriyoni—z’ingendo. Imiyoboro ikomeye hamwe n’inzira zigezweho zo gusiga amavuta bigabanya kwangirika.

Actuators zifite umuvuduko mwinshi cyangwa zikomeye

Ikoreshwa kuri vali nini cyangwa ibyuma binini. Akenshi ishingiye ku buryo bwa scotch-yoke bitewe n'imiterere yazo ya torque.

Abakora ibikorwa birwanya ibidukikije cyane

Ku bijyanye na serivisi zirimo gushyuha cyane, ubushyuhe bwinshi, cyangwa ahantu hangiza.
Ivugurura risanzwe ririmo:

• Amazu y'ibyuma bitagira umugese
• Irangi rya epoxy cyangwa iry'amazi yo mu bwoko bwa marine
• Elastome zikoresha ubushyuhe buke

Ibintu by'ingenzi byo gutekerezaho

1. Guhuza Valve

Imwe mu mpamvu zikunze gutera ibibazo byo gutangira ni ukudahuza neza hagati ya valve na actuator.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byo kwemeza:

• Ibisabwa kuzenguruka cyangwa kugenda ku murongo
• Imiterere ya ISO 5211 yo gushyiraho n'ingano y'umubyimba
• Imiterere y'umuvuduko wuzuye (gucika, kwiruka, n'umuvuduko w'intebe)
• Ibiranga itangazamakuru: ubushyuhe, ibintu bikomeye, ubushyuhe
• Icyiciro cyo gufunga cyangwa gukora akazi ko gufunga gisabwa

Abahanga mu by’ubwubatsi bakunze kugira intego yo kugira torque iri hagati ya 25–30%, kandi muri serivisi zikora cyane cyangwa zikora cyane, ni byiza ko torque iri hagati ya 40–50%.

2. Umuvuduko w'imikorere n'umuvuduko w'ingufu

Ibisabwa ku myitozo ngororamubiri

Torque igomba kubara ibi bikurikira:

• Igitutu gitandukanye
• Gufunga valve
• Ubushyuhe bw'imikorere
• Ingufu zishobora kwiyongera ku buso bw'imbere

Guhitamo actuator ntoya bishobora gutera gufatisha, gucika intege, cyangwa kwangirika imburagihe.

Umuvuduko w'imikorere

Intera zisanzwe:

• Gufunga byihutirwa: < isegonda 1
• Uburyo bwo gufunga inzira: amasegonda 1–3
• Guhindura valves: igisubizo gito kandi gikurikizwa neza ni byiza

Umuvuduko ushobora guhindurwa binyuze mu guhitamo solenoid, ingano y'umurongo w'umwuka, cyangwa kugenzura ubwiyongere bw'amazi mu muyoboro w'umwuka.

3. Ingano y'umuvuduko w'imikorere

Ibikoresho byinshi muri Amerika bikoresha umwuka uri hagati ya 80–120 PSI, ariko imikorere iterwa ahanini n'ubwiza bw'umwuka.

Intambwe z'ingenzi zo kuvura indwara:

• Kuyungurura uduce duto
• Kugenzura igitutu
• Gukuraho ubushuhe (ibyuma byumisha ibyuma biri muri firigo cyangwa se bisukura amazi)
• Gusukura amazi buri gihe mu byuma bitanga ibyuma n'ibikoresho

Ibikoresho byo gupima n'ibice bihindura imiterere y'imashini birushaho kwibasirwa n'ibintu bihumanya.

Gushyiraho no kubungabunga

Uburyo bwiza bwo gushyiraho

• Menya neza ko actuator na valve bihagaze neza.
• Hindura neza aho ingendo zihagarara kugira ngo wirinde kwangiza intebe z'abarinda impanuka.
• Shyiramo solenoids n'ibindi bikoresho hakurikijwe amahame ya NAMUR aho bikenewe.
• Emeza icyerekezo cy'aho ibintu bifunguye cyangwa bifunze mbere yo gutangira gukoresha.
• Kangura uburyo umwuka uhuzwamo kandi urebe niba nta mwuka uvamo nyuma yo gushyirwamo umwuka.

Ku mavali akoresha uruziga rwinshi cyangwa akoresha umutekano, ni byiza cyane kongeramo ibitekerezo ku myanya aherereyemo.

Inama ku bijyanye no kubungabunga buri gihe

Ubuvuzi bukunze kwibanda ku bintu byangiritse:

• Genzura ibipfukamunwa n'impeta za O buri mezi 6-12.
• Sukura amazi mu bikombe byo kuyungurura hanyuma ushyire amazi mu mazi ashyushye kenshi.
• Reba aho ibyuma bihurira n'aho bihurira kugira ngo urebe ko birekuye.
• Kora ibizamini byo gusuzuma cyangwa ibizamini bya "parro-stroke" kuri "smart positioners".
• Genzura ko imiterere ya zeru n'ubugari buri mwaka.

Kubungabunga ibintu mbere y’igihe biroroha cyane iyo ibikoresho bikoresha ikoranabuhanga bihujwe n’ibikoresho bikoresha ikoranabuhanga bitanga imiterere y’imikorere n’uburyo imikorere igenda ihinduka.

Ibibazo Bisanzwe n'Ibibazo Bisanzwe

Ibibazo bisanzwe n'igenzura rifatika:

• Ugutembera buhoro – ibyuma bifunganye, umuvuduko udahagije w’amazi, cyangwa imiyoboro y’umwuka mike.
• Gufunga kutuzuye - aho ingendo zihagarara nabi cyangwa intebe za valve zangiritse.
• Guhindagurika kw'ingufu mu mikorere y'imashini - gukosora imiterere y'imashini cyangwa kudahuza kw'umwuka.
• Umwotsi uvamo – ibikoresho byo gushyiramo, ibifunga by'umubiri, cyangwa imipfundikizo y'impera z'ibikoresho.
• Urusaku rudasanzwe - kwangirika kw'amapine cyangwa kutagenda neza.

Gukemura ibi bibazo hakiri kare birinda igihe cyo kudakora neza mu buryo buteganijwe kandi byongera igihe cyo kubaho cy’umukoresha.

Umwanzuro

Incamake y'ingingo z'ingenzi

Guhitamo valve ikoresha umwuka ikwiye biterwa no gusobanukirwa imiterere ya torque ya valve, imiterere y’ibidukikije, ibisabwa mu kwirinda kwangirika, n’ubwiza bw’umwuka utangwa. Guhuza imiterere ya valve n’aho ikorera ni ingenzi kugira ngo ikomeze kuba iy’ukuri igihe kirekire.

Ibyifuzo bya nyuma

• Genzura amakuru yose ya torque ukoresheje igikoresho cyakozwe na valve.
• Hitamo actuators zifite igihe cy’uruziga kandi zirinda ingese.
• Ku bijyanye no kugenzura ikoreshwa, buri gihe shyira actuator hamwe n'icyuma gipima imiterere y'amashanyarazi cyiza.
• Bika inyandiko zirambuye z'ibikorwa byo gushyiraho, gupima no kubungabunga.

Iyo itoranijwe neza kandi ikanabungabungwa neza,valve ikoresha umwukaishobora gukora neza imyaka myinshi mu gihe ikiguzi cyo kuyisana giciriritse kandi imikorere yayo ikaba iri hejuru.