Valve yo kugenzura ni iki: Ubuyobozi bw'Ubwiza bw'Ubwoko n'Ihame.

Incamake y'incamake y'imvange

Valve yo kugenzura ni valve ikoresha umuvuduko w'amazi n'uburemere bwa disiki kugira ngo hirindwe ko amazi atembera mu buryo bunyura inyuma. Izwi kandi nka valve idasubira inyuma, inzira imwe, reflux, cyangwa isolation, inshingano yayo y'ingenzi ni ukugenzura ko amazi atembera mu cyerekezo kimwe kugira ngo irinde sisitemu z'imiyoboro kwangirika kw'amazi asubira inyuma.

Uburyo Valve zo Gusuzuma Zikora

Urugendo rw'imbere: Umuvuduko w'amazi uzamura disiki, bigatuma inyura.

Umuvuduko usubira inyuma: Disiki ifunga binyuze mu muvuduko w'uburemere/amazi, igafunga ibyuma.

Ibice by'ingenzi bya Valve zo Gusuzuma

Ibice by'ingenzi birimo:

Umubiri w'ingufu: Imiyoboro ihuza inyuma y'isanduku

Disiki: Igice cyo kuri telefoni gifasha kugenzura uburyo bwo kugenda

Intebe: Ikora ubuso bufunga hakoreshejwe disiki

Impeshyi: Bituma disiki ifunga (mu bwoko bw'ibikoresho bifasha mu mpeshyi)

Reba Ikimenyetso cya Valve mu Gishushanyo cya PID

Gusobanukirwa Ikimenyetso cya Valve yo Gusuzuma

1.Uruziga: Igaragaza umubiri wa valve.

2.Umwambi cyangwa Umurongo w'Impande: Bigaragaza icyerekezo cy'amazi atemba. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane mu gushyiraho, kuko byemeza ko valve ishyizwe neza muri sisitemu.

3.Inyandiko z'inyongera: Hari igihe, inyandiko cyangwa ibirango by'inyongera bishobora guherekeza ikimenyetso kugira ngo bitange amakuru arambuye, nk'ingano ya valve, ibikoresho, cyangwa igipimo cy'umuvuduko.

Reba Ibipimo ngenderwaho by'Ishusho ya Valve

Iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko rikubiyemo amahame y’igihugu, inganda, n’amahanga yerekeye ibikoresho, ubwubatsi, imikorere, n’imitangire:

Amabwiriza Mpuzamahanga

API 594: Itwikira valve zo kugenzura imiyoboro ya peteroli/gaze

ASME B16.34: Ibiranga imiterere y'ama-valve akozwe mu buryo bwa flange/welded

API 6D: Vali z'imiyoboro (vali z'umupira/igenzura/irembo) ku nganda zikora peteroli

Amahame y'Igihugu y'Ubushinwa

GB/T12233-2006: Vali zo kugenzura icyuma (≤PN40)

GB/T13932-1992: Vali zo kugenzura icyuma (DN50-DN1800, amazi/umwuka)

GB/T12235-2007: Vali zo kugenzura ibyuma ku buryo bwa peteroli bufite T/P nyinshi

Amabwiriza yihariye ya Valve

CJ/T282-2008: Vali zo kugenzura buhoro buhoro z'ikinyugunyugu (aho pompe zisohokera)

GB/T21387-2008: Vali zo kugenzura ubwiherero bw'imitsi (ubudahangarwa n'amazi make)

Ibisabwa mu guhitamo no gushushanya

Ingano: Ubwoko bwo kuzunguruka kuri ≤350mm; ikinyugunyugu kuri ≥400mm

Umuvuduko mwinshi(≥4.0MPa): Koresha valve ebyiri cyangwa valve + kuzimya byihutirwa

Isuzuma: Ikizamini cy'umuvuduko wa PN 1.5x; Ikizamini cy'umupfundikizo wa PN 1.1x cyo gufunga ntarengwa

Ibyiza byo kugenzura valve

Inyungu ku gishushanyo mbonera n'imikorere

Kwikorera: Nta ngufu zo hanze zikenewe (imbaraga rukuruzi/impeshyi/ikoreshwa n'amazi)

Igisubizo cyihuse: Gufunga iminota 0.05 (vacuum valves) birinda kwanduza amazi inyuma

Imiterere inyuranye:

• Ubwoko bwa lift: Ifuro ryihariye ry’ibikoresho bisukuye bifite ubwiza bwa P nyinshi
• Ubwoko bwo kuzunguruka: Ubudahangarwa buke ku miyoboro irimo uduce duto
• Disiki ebyiri: Ifite ubushobozi bwo gukoresha sisitemu ntoya zo mu mwanya muto

Imikorere n'Umutekano

• Ibuza urujya n'uruza rw'ibintu bihumanya/byangiza (inganda za kirimbuzi/ibinyabutabire)

• Bigabanya kwangirika kw'inyundo y'amazi binyuze mu buryo bwo gufunga vuba

• Igumana ubuziranenge bw'ingufu (10⁻⁶~10⁻⁸ Pa·m³/s irasohoka)

Ubukungu no guhuza

• Ingufu zikoreshwa neza: Nta ngufu zikoreshwa buri gihe

• Ubwoko bunini bw'ibikoresho: Icyuma kidasesagura/seramike/urubura (-200°C ~ 800°C)

• Ikoreshwa mu nganda nyinshi: Amazi/amavuta/gaze/HVAC/imiti

Porogaramu zisanzwe

Birinda gusubira inyuma kw'umuvuduko mu bihe bikomeye:

• Sisitemu z'amazi: Aho bashyira pompe, amazi maremare, imiyoboro y'amazi yo mu bwoko bwa boiler

• Ibinyabutabire/Ubunini bwa T: Kohereza ibyuma byangiza, sisitemu z'umwuka zishyushye cyane zikoresha ubushyuhe bwa 400°C+

• Imanza zihariye: Pompe zikoresha umuriro (kwirinda inyundo z'amazi), umwuka ufunze, imiyoboro ya peteroli

Inama yo guhitamo: Tekereza ku buryo bw'ubushyuhe bw'ibice, umuvuduko, imiterere y'amazi atembera. Shyiramo neza (urugero, ubwoko bw'ibice bizamuka bihagaze).

Ishyirwa mu byiciro rya Valve yo Gusuzuma

Bikurikije Imiterere

• Valves zo kugenzura lift:

Uburyo bwo kugenda kwa disiki ihagaze (ifashishijwe n'impeshyi/uburemere)

Ni byiza cyane kuri DN≤200mm isukuye (uburyo bw'amazi)

•Valves zo kugenzura Swing:

Disiki izunguruka ku gipini cy'inyuma

Ubudahangarwa buke ku miyoboro minini

Ubwoko bw'imashini: Ifite flanged, wafer, disiki imwe

•Valves zo kugenzura ibyuma bibiri:

Igishushanyo mbonera cy'umugati muto

Ni byiza cyane kuri sisitemu zo kurinda inkongi

• Valves zo kugenzura imiterere y'amazi mu mutwe:

Kunyerera kuri disiki mu murongo

Igabanya inyundo y'amazi (imiyoboro ya gaze)

• Ubwoko bwihariye

Diaphragm: Irwanya ingese ku bikoresho by'imiti

Umupira: Sisitemu nini zo gukurura imiyoboro mito

Akazuru: Kugenzura urujya n'uruza rw'amazi mu cyerekezo kibiri

Valve yo kugenzura umuvuduko ifunze neza:Akazi ku muvuduko mwinshi (Icyiciro cya 900, Icyiciro cya 1500, Icyiciro cya 2500), Ubushyuhe bwinshi.

•Icyiciro cya kabiri

Guhuza: Ifite uruziga, ifite imigozi, ivanze, ifite umugozi

Igitutu: P yo hasi (≤1.6MPa), P yo hejuru (≥100MPa)

Imikorere: Guceceka, gufunga buhoro buhoro, no kuzenguruka mu buryo bwikora