Mu buryo bwo gutwara amazi,Valve y'ubushyuhe bwinshini igice cy’ingenzi cyo kugenzura, gifite ahanini inshingano zo kugenzura, guhindura imiterere y’amazi, kurwanya gusubira inyuma kw’amazi, gukata, no gufunga. Iyi valve ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda no mu nzego za leta. Iyi valve ikoreshwa cyane mu bushyuhe bwinshi ni ubwoko bukunze gukoreshwa muri valve. Imiterere yayo yihariye ni iyi ikurikira: imikorere myiza yo kuzimya, kuzimya cyane bishobora gukorwa; gusudira neza; kwinjiza neza ingaruka, biragoye kuyingiza hakoreshejwe imbaraga; Ubushyuhe bukunda kuba buke n'ibindi. Hari ubwoko bwinshi bwa valve zikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi. Izikunze gukoreshwa cyane ni izikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshiUtuzu tw'ikinyugunyugu, ubushyuhe bwinshiVali z'umupira, ibyuma bipima ubushyuhe bwinshi, n'ibipima ubushyuhe bwinshiVali zo mu irembo.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'amavalufu y'ubushyuhe bwinshi
Vali zikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi zirimo vali z'irembo zikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi, vali zifunga ubushyuhe bwinshi, vali zigenzura ubushyuhe bwinshi, vali z'umupira zikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi, vali z'ibinyugunyugu zikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi, vali z'inshinge zikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi, vali zikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi, vali zikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi, na vali zigabanya umuvuduko mwinshi. Muri zo, zikoreshwa cyane ni vali z'irembo, vali z'isi, vali zigenzura, vali z'umupira n'vali z'ibinyugunyugu.
Ni ibihe bintu imikorere ya valves z'ubushyuhe bwinshi
Imiterere y'akazi ku bushyuhe bwinshi ikubiyemo ubushyuhe buri hasi y'ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubushyuhe bwinshi Ⅰ, ubushyuhe bwinshi Ⅱ, ubushyuhe bwinshi Ⅲ, ubushyuhe bwinshi Ⅳ, na Ⅴ ubushyuhe bwinshi, bizashyirwa ahagaragara ukwabo hepfo.
Ubushyuhe buri munsi y'ubushyuhe buri hejuru cyane
Ubushyuhe buri hasi bivuze ko ubushyuhe bw'imikorere ya valve buri hagati ya 325 ～ 425 ℃. Niba igikoresho ari amazi n'umwuka, WCB, WCC, A105, WC6 na WC9 ni byo bikoreshwa cyane. Niba igikoresho ari amavuta arimo sulfur, C5, CF8, CF3, CF8M, CF3M, n'ibindi, birwanya ingese ya sulfide, ahanini bikoreshwa. Bikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho bigabanya umwuka n'umuvuduko ndetse n'ibikoresho bigabanya ubushyuhe mu nganda zitunganya. Muri iki gihe, valve zikozwe muri CF8, CF8M, CF3 na CF3M ntizikoreshwa mu kurwanya ingese ya aside, ahubwo zikoreshwa mu bicuruzwa birimo amavuta ya sulfur n'imiyoboro ya peteroli na gaze. Muri iki gihe, ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwo gukora bwa CF8, CF8M, CF3 na CF3M ni 450 ° C.
Ubushyuhe bwinshi Ⅰ
Iyo ubushyuhe bw'imikorere ya valve ari 425 ～ 550 ℃, iba ari urwego rwa I rufite ubushyuhe bwinshi (rwitwa urwego rwa PI). Ibikoresho by'ingenzi bya valve ya PI ni "icyuma gishyuha cyane Ⅰ grade medium carbon chromium nickel rare earth titanium high quality-resistant butter" hamwe na CF8 nk'ishusho y'ibanze mu gipimo cya ASTMA351. Kubera ko urwego rwa PI ari izina ryihariye, igitekerezo cy'icyuma gishyuha cyane (P) kirimo hano. Kubwibyo, niba igikoresho gikoreshwa ari amazi cyangwa umwuka, nubwo icyuma gishyuha cyane WC6 (t≤540 ℃) cyangwa WC9 (t≤570 ℃) nacyo gishobora gukoreshwa, mu gihe ibikomoka kuri peteroli birimo sulfur nabyo bishobora gukoreshwa icyuma gishyuha cyane C5 (ZG1Cr5Mo), ariko ntibishobora kwitwa PI-class hano.
Ubushyuhe bwinshi bwa II
Ubushyuhe bw'imikorere ya valve ni 550 ～ 650 ℃, kandi ishyirwa mu cyiciro cya Ⅱ cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi (cyitwa P Ⅱ). Valve y'ubushyuhe bwinshi ya PⅡ ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gikoresho cyo gucukura amavuta akomeye mu ruganda. Irimo valve y'irembo irinda kwangirika cyane ikoreshwa mu ruziga ruzunguruka gatatu n'ibindi bice. Ibikoresho by'ingenzi bya valve ya PⅡ ni "icyuma gishyushye cyane Ⅱ cy'ibara rya chromium nickel rare earth titanium tantalum gikonjeshejwe ubushyuhe" hamwe na CF8 nk'ishusho y'ibanze mu gipimo cya ASTMA351.
Ubushyuhe bwinshi bwa III
Ubushyuhe bw'imikorere ya valve ni 650 ～ 730 ℃, kandi ishyirwa mu cyiciro cy'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru III (cyitwa PⅢ). Valve zo mu bwoko bwa PⅢ zikoreshwa cyane cyane mu byuma binini bicukura amavuta menshi mu nganda zitunganya. Ibikoresho by'ingenzi bya valve yo mu bwoko bwa PⅢ ikoresha ubushyuhe bwo hejuru ni CF8M ishingiye kuri ASTMA351.
Ubushyuhe buri hejuru Ⅳ
Ubushyuhe bw'imikorere ya valve ni 730 ～ 816 ℃, kandi ifatwa nk'ubushyuhe bwinshi bwa IV (byitwa PIV mu magambo ahinnye). Urwego rwo hejuru rw'ubushyuhe bw'imikorere ya valve ya PIV ni 816 ℃, kuko ubushyuhe bwo hejuru butangwa n'urwego rusanzwe rwa ASMEB16134 rw'ubushyuhe bwatoranijwe mu gushushanya valve ni 816 ℃ (1500υ). Byongeye kandi, nyuma y'uko ubushyuhe bw'imikorere burenze 816 ° C, icyuma kiba kiri hafi kwinjira mu gace k'ubushyuhe bw'ubucuzi. Muri iki gihe, icyuma kiba kiri mu gace ka pulasitiki, kandi icyuma gifite plasticity nziza, kandi biragoye kwihanganira umuvuduko mwinshi w'imikorere n'imbaraga z'ingaruka no kukirinda kwangirika. Ibikoresho by'ingenzi bya valve ya P Ⅳ ni CF8M mu gipimo cya ASTMA351 nk'ishusho y'ibanze "ubushyuhe bwinshi Ⅳ chromium nickel molybdenum rare earth titanium tantalum reinforced heat-resistant". CK-20 na ASTMA182 F310 isanzwe (harimo ingano ya C ≥01050%) n'icyuma kidashyuha cya F310H.
Ubushyuhe bwinshi Ⅴ
Ubushyuhe bw'imikorere ya valve buri hejuru ya 816 ℃, bwitwa PⅤ, valve y'ubushyuhe bwinshi ya PⅤ (ku mavali azimya, idakoresha amavali y'ibinyugunyugu) igomba gukoresha uburyo bwihariye bwo gushushanya, nko gushyushya utwenda tw'imbere cyangwa amazi cyangwa gaze. Gukonjesha bishobora kwemeza imikorere isanzwe ya valve. Kubwibyo, ntarengwa ry'ubushyuhe bw'imikorere ya valve y'ubushyuhe bwinshi ya PⅤ ryavuzwe, kuko ubushyuhe bw'imikorere ya valve igenzura butagenwa gusa n'ibikoresho, ahubwo bugenwa n'uburyo bwihariye bwo gushushanya, kandi ihame ry'ibanze ry'uburyo bwo gushushanya ni rimwe. Valve y'ubushyuhe bwinshi ya PⅤ ishobora guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye bishobora guhuza valve hakurikijwe uburyo ikora n'umuvuduko w'imikorere n'uburyo bwihariye bwo gushushanya. Muri valve y'ubushyuhe bwinshi ya PⅤ, ubusanzwe valve y'ibinyugunyugu cyangwa valve y'ibinyugunyugu ya valve y'ibinyugunyugu cyangwa valve y'ibinyugunyugu ikunze gutoranywa muri HK-30 na HK-40 alloys z'ubushyuhe bwinshi mu gipimo cya ASTMA297. Irwanya ingese, ariko ntishobora kwihanganira guturika no kuremererwa n'umuvuduko mwinshi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-21-2021